Different types of attribution
Attribution is the insight into touchpoints a person or group of people has undergone in their journey to the desired result or conversion. In other words, which touchpoints have more or less contributed to the conversion?
Dive right into topics:
Billy Grace uses three different attribution models. The easiest way to understand how they work is through a football analogy.
In the above visual, you see from left to right: Last Click attribution, Multi-touch attribution, and Unified Marketing Measurement. Now this is true for a game of football, where in reality, a lot of factors are playing a role in the process that leads up to a goal. Now, what happens when we replace the players for touchpoints in the customer journey?
Continue reading for an explanation per model on how Billy Grace leverages machine learning models to determine which channels are responsible for conversions.
Last click
The conversion is granted to the last touchpoint, based on the last click.
Multi-touch Attribution
Billy Grace offers its own deep learning-based multi-touch attribution model. At Billy Grace we call this Multi-touch Attribution (MTA).
A deep learning-based multi-touch attribution model uses machine learning algorithms to analyse data from various sources, such as user behaviour data, campaign data, and conversion data. MTA will assign credit to each touchpoint along the customer journey based on its relative contribution to the final outcome.
This allows businesses to gain insights into how each touchpoint in the customer journey impacts conversions, sign-ups, or other goals.
For example, if a potential customer clicks on a social media ad, clicks on an email link, and then purchases after visiting the business's website, the model will assign credit to each touchpoint along the customer journey. This approach provides businesses with a more accurate understanding of the value of each touchpoint and allows them to optimize their marketing strategies accordingly.
Visually, this would look like this:
⚠️ Important: In session mode, value and conversions are attributed to the day the touchpoint occurred. When you expand the attribution window, more conversions from the current period may be tied to sessions that happened before the current period. As a result, reported conversions and revenue in the current period may appear lower.
MTA is mainly used by marketers for:
Analysing low-funnel campaigns
Evaluating day-to-day marketing performance
Short customer journeys
Unified Marketing Measurement
For clients who have sufficient data, the Unified Marketing Measurement model will be available. Unified Marketing Measurement (UMM) leverages both Marketing Mix Modelling (MMM) and Multi-Touch Attribution (MTA) methodologies, combining their unique advantages through the power of Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) technologies. In essence, UMM models if impressions affect the starting of sessions via other channels (direct, Organic, Google, e-mail) if the model sees a significant effect, part of the attribution value is distributed to impressions.
Unified Marketing Measurement will become available if all the following thresholds are met:
More than 30 days of data
At least 50.000 sessions tracked by the Pixel in total
Minimum of data points and spend level*
*The experience may vary for each use case. Increasing your spending across various channels and days results in more data, enhancing the likelihood of achieving significant outcomes that differ from Multi-touch attribution. The specific threshold varies depending on the business case. If UMM is still unavailable after meeting the first two thresholds, please contact our team for assistance.
Unified marketing measurement allows marketers to understand the impact of their strategies at both an aggregate level (MMM) and at the level of individual customer touchpoints (MTA).
UMM is mainly used by marketers and marketing managers for:
Evaluating the whole customer journey
Strategic view of marketing performance
Weekly / monthly optimisation of channels / campaigns
Long customer journeys and brand building
Visually, this would look like this:
⚠️ Important: Attribution for impressions is model-based only. Impressions cannot be traced back to individual users or linked to personal identities.
Calibration
The modelling behind UMM is trained once a week.
The model trains every Thursday. On Friday, you see the numbers from the new trained model;
New campaigns / ad sets / ads that are added during the week (before Thursday) will have an effect based on prediction*.
*If a new campaign is launched during the week, the campaign will get attribution based on the cluster that it belongs to. Then, during the next training, the model will officially learn about the new campaign, which means that the attribution data can be updated.
MTA vs UMM
We often get questions on when to use which attribution model. We always advise using both! Both models have their up and downsides in specific use-cases.
Characteristic | Multi-touch Attribution | Unified Marketing Measurement |
Touchpoints in the customer journey | Clicks and directly measurable touchpoints | Touchpoints + impact impressions at the group level |
Focus | Granular, campaign-level | Holistic, strategic level |
Data | Daily optimization | Weekly/monthly optimization |
Frequency | short customer journeys | Long journeys and brand building |
Suitable for | Marketers | Marketers + marketing managers |
So the advice is to use both in different situations, depending on what type of campaigns and customer journeys you are analyzing.
Why should I use Unified Marketing Measurement?
In a digital marketing landscape, customer journeys can be complex, spanning multiple channels and touchpoints before leading to a conversion event. It's essential to have a holistic understanding of which marketing efforts are effective. The UMM method provides such an understanding.
This leads to increased accuracy in analysing marketing performance and improved budget allocation.
How does this impact marketing performance?
By including the external factors that impact the start of different types of touchpoints, the model can allocate conversion value more accurately by estimating the impact of top of funnel channels and campaigns.
Insights by attribution
Attribution modelling helps marketers to make the right choices while optimising their advertising. The right attribution model can answer the following questions:
Which channel leads to most conversions?
Am I using the right marketing mix to achieve my marketing objectives?
Do I spend enough budget on my marketing channels?
The Multi-touch attribution model of Billy Grace gives insight into which channels and campaigns really contribute to achieving your goals and helps to make the right decisions.
Attribution in a post-cookie world
With the end of third-party cookies insight and the coming of IOS 14.5, it becomes harder and harder to gain full insight into the conversion path. The Billy Grace pixel only uses first-party data. Based on this first-party data, Billy Grace gives accurate insight into the performance of your ads.
With the update of our latest attribution model that incorporates Marketing Mix Modelling techniques, you are even better equipped to deal with the problems that the post-cookie world brings in terms of analysing the marketing performance of your ads.





